North Carolina CNA Written Practice Exam

What defines a pathogen?

1. A harmless microorganism

2. A disease-causing microorganism, which includes bacteria, fungi, and parasites

3. A type of virus that is beneficial

4. An antibiotic-resistant bacterium

The correct answer is: A disease-causing microorganism, which includes bacteria, fungi, and parasites

A pathogen is defined as a microorganism that causes disease in its host. This includes a variety of organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. The defining characteristic of a pathogen is its ability to disrupt normal biological functions and elicit an immune response, leading to illness. Bacteria, fungi, and parasites are common examples of pathogens that can infect humans and other organisms, leading to a wide range of health issues. Understanding what constitutes a pathogen is crucial for healthcare professionals, as it aids in the identification of diseases and informs prevention and treatment strategies. The other options may involve microorganisms, but they do not meet the definition of a pathogen. Harmless microorganisms play essential roles in ecosystems and human health and do not cause disease. Beneficial viruses, while they may be helpful in certain contexts, do not fall under the pathogen category. Lastly, although antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a significant concern in medicine, their classification depends on whether they cause disease, not merely their resistance to antibiotics.